Why more than a few monkeys are named Jocko

In the first part of the 20th century, it wasn't unusual for newspapers to report on the exploits of a monkey named "Jocko." These reports were not all about the same monkey. "Jocko" was used as a generic name for any monkey, much like a dog can be called "Spot."

Illustration of Le Jocko from "Histoire naturelle" by Georges Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon.
Illustration of Le Jocko from "Histoire naturelle" by Georges Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon.

"Jocko" came from several similar-sounding West African words, including "enjocko" and "engeco," meaning "chimpanzee." Those were simplified to "jocko" by 18th-century French naturalist Georges-Louis Leclerc, the Count Buffon, and eventually came to mean any smaller variety of ape, not just chimpanzees.

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And so "Jocko" – by various spellings – became, in English, the generic proper name for any monkey.

This article originally appeared on The Providence Journal: Jocko the Monkey: Why so many monkeys have shared the name