How to Stain a Concrete Patio (Or Sidewalk, Or Another Solid Concrete Surface)
Staining a concrete patio is a great way to boost the appearance of an old concrete surface. Just like a fresh coat of stain on a deck, revitalizing the porous surface of your outdoor living space can feel inviting and welcoming (and it's much easier than pouring a new patio). Staining a patio can also help seal the surface and protect the concrete from harsh weather. While you're at it, you might even find yourself restaining a concrete sidewalk, driveway, or other surface. If you're going to do one space, may as well get it all done.
You'll be pleased to know that this is the kind of project you can do in a weekend if you're prepared. Plan to clean and wash the surface on Day 1, and then apply the stain on Day 2. Boom, done. Easy, right?
Gather Your Materials and Tools
Concrete stain (acid-based or water-based)
Broom or brush
Pressure washer
Concrete cleaner or degreaser (optional)
Plastic sheeting or drop cloths
Safety gear (gloves, goggles, and an N-95 mask)
Pump sprayer or paint roller
Concrete sealer
Paintbrush or roller for sealer application
Paint trays
Painter's tape
Mixing buckets
Step 1: Prepare the Area
Remove all furniture, plants, and other obstacles from the patio.
The cleaning process can get messy, so it's a good idea to protect adjacent surfaces like your home's siding or plants and bushes by covering everything with plastic sheeting or drop cloths.
Step 2: Clean the Entire Surface
Surface preparation is important. For the new stain to evenly adhere, you'll need to thoroughly clean the outdoor surface to remove dirt, grime, and any previous coatings. Start by using a stiff broom or floor scrubber to sweep away leaves and loose particles of dirt, but proceed with power washing using a 15-degree nozzle to tackle the stubborn buildup and stains. Pressure wash at a 30 to 45-degree angle to the ground to effectively clean surface buildup.
Apply a concrete degreaser or cleaner if you have grease or oil spots on the surface. Follow the directions on the stain remover, and plan to wash it clean with more blasts from the pressure washer before letting the surface dry.
And seriously, let the surface dry. Give it a solid 24 hours.
Step 3: Choose the Stain Type
There are two main types of concrete stains: water-based stains and acid-based stains.
Acid staining is a popular choice because it creates more vibrant and variegated colors but requires careful handling.
Water-based concrete stains are safer and easier to apply to the entire patio, but may offer a more limited color palette.
Furthermore, like most types of stain, there are different levels of opacity. Some will appear to tint concrete floors while others will apply thick, like concrete paint.
A few products we really like:
Step 4: Test a Small Area
We're always a fan of testing a small, inconspicuous area, but on a concrete patio, there isn't always that "hidden area." Under a plant? Under the floormat? We understand if you just need to go all-in.
Two special considerations:
You will be able to go over the stain again to correct uneven patches, so don't worry too much if you don't have a uniform finish the first time.
Concrete stains can be harsh, especially acid-based chemical stains, so wear appropriate safety gear, including gloves, goggles, and a mask, to protect yourself during the staining process.
Related: The Best Trees & Shrubs for Backyard Privacy
Step 5: Mix and Apply the Stain
Follow the manufacturer's instructions to mix the stain properly.
Use a pump sprayer or a paint roller to apply the patio stain color evenly over the concrete surface. If you're using a sprayer, pay extra attention to determine how much it needs to be diluted, and remember that it can affect the opacity of the stain and your end result. Note: Not all stains can be diluted, which may make them too thick for your sprayer!
If you're using a paint sprayer, consider using a paintbrush around the edges, and protect other surfaces with plastic sheets and painter's tape.
As you apply the concrete staining, start at the furthest corner and work your way toward an exit to avoid stepping on the stained surface. Back your way right back into the house or through the opening in a fence, just don't get stuck in a corner or tight space.
Step 6: Allow for Drying Time
The drying time for the stain can vary based on the type of stain used. At the least, allow the stain to dry for at least 24 hours before walking on your concrete floors and removing the surrounding drop cloths. Longer is better. Wait 7-14 days before putting furniture back on the patio. Follow the product-specific guidelines for the best results.
Step 7: Apply a Penetrating Sealer
Once you've waited a generous amount of time for the stain to dry, you may decide to apply a layer of concrete sealer. Not only can a concrete sealant protect the surface of this outdoor space, but it'll also enhance the color. Use a paint roller or brush to evenly spread the sealer over the stained concrete.
Related: Concrete Repair vs. Foundation Repair: What's the Difference?
How long does concrete stain last?
Concrete stain usually lasts for several years. It depends on factors like the quality of the original application, the level of foot traffic, and its natural exposure to extreme weather conditions like rain, snow, and blazing summer sun.
What's the most popular color for concrete stain?
We asked around! Earthy tones such as browns and grays are the most popular colors for concrete stain. Consumers report that they provide a natural aesthetic that complements common architectural styles. Not surprisingly, less popular colors include vibrant hues like blues, greens, and purples, as well as more unconventional options such as metallics or bright yellows.
Are there any cons to concrete staining?
The initial cost can exceed that of basic concrete finishes.
Stains may wear over time, requiring periodic reapplication.
There are limited color choices compared to paint which may restrict design flexibility.
Achieving uniform color can be challenging.
Staining may not effectively cover existing imperfections in the concrete, such as cracks or blemishes.
Depending on the staining method, some DIYers find that the process can be time-consuming and labor-intensive.
