Dexedrine vs. Adderall for ADHD
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Adderall (dextroamphetamine and amphetamine) and Dexedrine (dextroamphetamine) are two medications commonly prescribed as first-line treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). They can help improve attention, focus, and impulse control.
Despite their similarities, some notable differences between Dexedrine and Adderall are important to consider when choosing the most appropriate medication.
This article will discuss the similarities and differences between Dexedrine and Adderall, including their formulations, dosages, duration of action, and potential side effects.
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What Is Adderall?
Adderall is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that contains two medications in one: dextroamphetamine and amphetamine. It is used to help manage ADHD and narcolepsy.
The way Adderall works is not fully understood. However, there is a theory that it improves attention and focus by increasing the activity of chemical messengers in the body called neurotransmitters. This is thought to include dopamine and norepinephrine.
In doing this, Adderall increases the release of these neurotransmitters and blocks their reabsorption (reuptake) in the brain. This increases the amount of these chemicals that last.
With the increased stimulation in the brain, these neurotransmitters can boost alertness, attention, and impulse control.
What Is Dexedrine?
Like Adderall, Dexedrine is also a CNS stimulant. However, it only contains dextroamphetamine.
Similarly, Dexedrine is used to help manage ADHD and narcolepsy. It also works by increasing neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain.
The main difference between Dexedrine and Adderall is that Dexedrine is only approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat ADHD for children aged 3 to 16.
In addition, Dexedrine contains only the strongest form of amphetamine, called dextroamphetamine. Adderall has a 3:1 ratio of dextroamphetamine and amphetamine. This means that Dexedrine is stronger than Adderall.
Even though Dexedrine contains a greater ratio of the stronger ingredient, it does not necessarily mean Dexedrine will help you with your ADHD or narcolepsy better than Adderall might.
Dexedrine vs. Adderall: How to Take Each
Adderall and Dexedrine have different forms of administration and dosages based on the specific medication, the condition being treated, and your individual needs.
The common forms of Dexedrine and Adderall are listed below:
Dexedrine immediate release comes in two forms: A tablet or a solution.
Adderall immediate release only comes as tablets.
Both Dexedrine and Adderall extended release come as capsules.
Extended-release formulations are often favored when you want the medication to last all day without needing multiple doses. However, immediate-release formulations may be better if you are looking for rapid symptom relief.
Dexedrine Dosing for ADHD
Dexedrine dosing guidelines for ADHD include the following:
Dexedrine tablets or solution for ages 3 to 5 years old: First dosed at 2.5 milligrams (mg) daily in the morning. The medication may be increased by 2.5 milligrams once a week if necessary.
Dexedrine tablets or solution for ages 6 to 16: First dosed at 5 milligrams once or twice a day. The medication may be increased by 5 milligrams once a week if necessary but do not take more than 40 milligrams daily. You can take the first dose in the morning, then your second dose four to six hours later.
Dexedrine sustained release capsules for children ages 6 and older: First dosed at 5 milligrams orally once daily.
Adderall Dosing for ADHD
Adderall dosing guidelines for ADHD include the following:
Adderall immediate release for ages 3 to 5: First dosed at 2.5 milligrams every morning. The medication may be increased by 2.5 milligrams once a week if necessary.
Adderall immediate release for ages 6 or older: First dosed at 5 milligrams once or twice daily. You can take the first dose in the morning, then your second dose four to six hours later. Do not take more than 40 milligrams per day.
Adderall extended release (Adderall XR) for ages 6 to 12: First dosed at 5 or 10 milligrams once a day in the morning. Do not take more than 30 milligrams per day.
Adderall XR for ages 13 to 17: First dosed at 10 milligrams once a day in the morning.
Adderall XR for ages 18 or older: First dosed at 20 milligrams orally once daily in the morning.
How Long Do Dexedrine and Adderall Take to Work?
Both immediate- and extended-release Adderall and Dexedrine take about 30 minutes to one hour for you to feel the medication working.
The effects of immediate-release Adderall and Dexedrine typically go away after four to six hours. However, if you take Adderall extended release, the medication can last up to 12 hours.
Dexedrine sustained release tablets can last between eight to 10 hours.
What Are the Side Effects?
Since Dexedrine and Adderall are within the same class of medications, they both share similar side effects. Common side effects seen in both Dexedrine and Adderall include:
Feeling nervous and excitable
Trouble sleeping
Headache
Upset stomach, diarrhea, or constipation
Loss of appetite
Dry mouth
Weight loss
Rare but serious side effects seen in both Dexedrine and Adderall include:
Trouble controlling body movements.
Slowed growth in children
Seizures (primarily in people with a history of seizures)
Visual changes, such as blurry vision
Safety Considerations
Adderall and Dexedrine are classified as Schedule II substances. This means they fall within the highest level of control for medications because they have a high potential for abuse and dependence.
Schedule II substances require a written or electronic prescription from a healthcare provider and have strict regulations regarding their distribution, storage, and prescribing practices. The classification as a controlled substance ensures that these medications are used safely and appropriately under medical supervision.
It is important to take Adderall and Dexedrine exactly as prescribed. Taking too much can result in an overdose and symptoms such as:
Restlessness
Tremor
Rapid breathing
Hallucinations
You may not be able to take Adderall or Dexedrine if you have any of the following:
Heart disease
High blood pressure
History of monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor use within the past 14 days
Sensitivity or allergy to other stimulants
Taking amphetamines like Dexedrine or Adderall with other drugs that increase serotonin in the body can cause a serious reaction called serotonin syndrome. These medications include but are not limited to:
MAO inhibitors
Triptans
Before starting treatment, tell your healthcare provider about all substances you take, including prescription or over-the-counter (OTC) medications, dietary supplements, and herbal medicines.
Dexedrine vs. Adderall: Which Is Right For You?
Choosing the right ADHD medication is a collaborative process between you and your healthcare provider. Openly communicate your concerns, ask questions, and provide feedback on how the medication affects you. This will help guide the decision-making process and ensure you receive the most suitable treatment for your needs.
Adderall
Adderall can be used for ADHD in children ages 3 years and older, plus adults.
Adderall immediate-release tablets can last about four to six hours in the body.
Adderall extended-release can last in the body for about 12 hours.
For a 30 day supply of generic Adderall, dextroamphetamine and amphetamine, can cost about $30.
Dexedrine
Dexedrine can only be used for ADHD in children ages 3 to 16. It is not approved by the FDA to help manage ADHD for anyone over the age of 16.
Dexedrine tablets and solution can last in the body for about four to six hours
Dexedrine extended-release can last in the body for about eight to 10 hours.
For a 30 day supply of generic Dexedrine, dextroamphetamine, can cost about $175.
Summary
Adderall and Dexedrine are CNS stimulants used to help manage ADHD and narcolepsy. They both increase the amount of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain leading to better regulation of attention, focus, and impulse control.
The main difference is that Adderall contains two medications: amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. Dexedrine only contains dextroamphetamine. It is also approved by the FDA to help manage ADHD in children ages 3 to 16, whereas Adderall can be used in children 3 and older plus adults.
Common side effects shared between both medications include feeling nervous and excitable, loss of appetite, upset stomach, or dry mouth. Both Adderall and Dexedrine are classified as Schedule II medications. This means the government regulates the drug due to its potential for abuse, dependence, and addiction.
Work with your healthcare provider, who can evaluate your specific needs, medical history, and response to determine which medication may be more suitable. Personalized treatment plans can optimize symptom management and help you feel your best.
Frequently Asked Questions
What other medications are available to treat ADHD symptoms?
There are different ADHD medications available, including stimulant medications such as Ritalin or Concerta (methylphenidate) and non-stimulant medications such as Strattera (atomoxetine) and Intuniv (guanfacine).
Each medication has its own characteristics, effectiveness, and potential side effects. Your healthcare provider can discuss these options with you and the pros and cons of each.
Can I use Dexedrine or Adderall while pregnant?
No, it is not recommended to take Dexedrine or Adderall while pregnant. There is a potential risk that both of these medications may cause harm to the fetus. You can talk to your healthcare provider for other options to manage your ADHD safely during pregnancy.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Dexedrine or Adderall?
No, it is not recommended to drink alcohol while taking Dexedrine or Adderall. Taking either medication with alcohol can worsen your side effects, such as drowsiness and impaired judgment. In addition, the combination of the two can put you at risk of liver damage or liver failure since they are both processed in the liver.
The author would like to recognize and thank Alexya Rosas for contributing to this article.
