Can Cats Eat Garlic? Nope—Keep Your Kitty Away From This Toxic Veggie
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Some human foods are fine as special treats for our favorite felines. But technically, cats don't need human food at all as their wet and dry food is formulated to meet all their nutritional needs. There are also many toxic human foods they should avoid—for example, can cats eat garlic? Absolutely not—here's how to protect your kitty from the toxic veggie.
Is Garlic Bad for Cats?
Cats are particularly susceptible to the effects of garlic, even more than dogs, Genna Mize, DVM, a technical services veterinarian at Virbac, says. "It not only causes gastrointestinal upset, but also potentially alters red blood cells and interferes with their very important function of transporting oxygen in the body." This often results in anemia, a possibly fatal illness if not treated in time.
RELATED: Can Dogs Eat Garlic? Why You Want to Keep Your Pup Away From This Toxic Veggie
The primary toxic property in garlic is n-propyl disulfide, found in active form in all vegetables of the Allium spp family. So can cats eat food with garlic in it? No way. It doesn't matter if it's fresh or cooked garlic, or garlic salt or powder—it's all toxic to cats. In fact, Mize says gram–for–gram, garlic spices are more harmful in small quantities compared to fresh garlic because they're more concentrated. But a single garlic clove, she adds, "can be all it takes to result in serious illness."
If you intend to give kitty a succulent morsel of salmon, turkey, or chicken, make certain these nibbles are thoroughly cooked without any type of garlic. Better yet, leave them completely unseasoned, and keep in mind that veterinarians recommend that treats make up no more than 10 percent of your cat's daily diet.
Here's another important point: Garlic isn't the only aromatic culprit in the Allium family potentially toxic to cats. Mize cautions pet parents to avoid others, too, such as:
Chives
Leeks
Scallions or green onions
Shallots
"Poisoning can occur from either a single exposure of large amounts of garlic/onion or chronic smaller exposures over time," she says.
Garlic Poisoning Symptoms in Cats
What happens if your cat eats garlic? It depends. "If he consumes enough garlic to cause clinical issues, you might see transient GI [gastrointestinal] upset with no serious clinical signs until days later, when the body's compensatory mechanisms have been depleted and red blood cell changes have caused anemia," Mize says.
In fact, she adds that some of the other symptoms don't appear until up to five days later, which is a long time to determine the seriousness of the toxicity. Additional symptoms include:
Exercise intolerance
Increased breathing and heart rate
Pale gums
Red-to-brown colored urine
Weakness
Yellowing of the skin
Monitor your kitty closely if you suspect he's ingested some form of garlic. If he experiences diarrhea or vomiting for longer than a day or two, don't wait for the other symptoms to appear—schedule an exam right away. "Unfortunately, there's no home treatment, and unless your cat has very recently consumed the product, care is generally supportive in nature," Mize says.
RELATED: 9 Signs That You Need to Get Your Pet to the Emergency Room
What To Do If Your Cat Eats Garlic
If you know your kitty has gobbled some garlic and it was only a couple of hours prior to the vet visit, Mize says the first thing the clinical team will do is induce vomiting to encourage decontamination.
"Otherwise, care is supportive in nature and may include fluids, anti-nausea medications, antioxidants, and so on. In severe cases, a blood transfusion may be necessary." She adds that your cat's vitals will be monitored throughout their stay, and the duration of treatment will depend on the severity of their illness.
How can you help? Arrive prepared with a detailed report of behaviors and symptoms you've noticed at home, what your cat might have eaten that contained garlic, and the timeline of when consumption of or exposure to it occurred.
