Ranked-choice voting close to being illegal in Louisiana

A ballot for Alaska's Nov. 8, 2022, general election is seen on Monday, Oct. 24, 2022, the first day of early voting. (Photo by James Brooks / Alaska Beacon)

Louisiana House lawmakers approved a bill Wednesday to outlaw ranked-choice voting, a method of elections some claim is too susceptible to fraud even though thousands of military members have used it for decades. 

Senate Bill 101, sponsored by Sen. Blake Miguez, R-New Iberia, passed the House in a 74-22 vote and will return to the Senate for concurrence before heading to Gov. Jeff Landry, who is expected to sign it into law.  

The vote fell mostly along party lines with every Republican voting in favor of the proposal and most Democrats voting against it except for Reps. Roy Daryl Adams of Jackson, Marcus Bryant of New Iberia, Robby Carter of Amite and Steven Jackson of Shreveport.

Miguez’s bill prohibits local governments from holding ranked-choice elections, with an exception for out-of-state military members who have used it in Louisiana elections for decades. 

Ranked-choice voting, also called “instant-runoff” voting, allows voters to list candidates in order of preference rather than select just one. It has grown increasingly popular across the country for its ability to temper extreme partisanship and give moderates and third-party candidates a better chance in elections.

When ballots are tallied on Election Day, the race is over if any candidate nets more than 50% of the first-place votes that are cast. If no candidate gets a majority in the first round, then the candidate with the fewest votes is eliminated. If a voter’s first choice is eliminated, rather than his vote being wasted, it is applied to his second favorite candidate. The process continues with the lowest ranking candidates being tossed out until one candidate gets more than half of the votes. 

During committee hearings on the bill, Miguez falsely claimed ranked-choice voting “guarantees that ballots are thrown in the trash.” It echoes national lobby groups that have blamed ranked-choice voting for helping defeat their preferred candidates and are now trying to get states to ban it. 

Military service members stationed out of state or overseas have used ranked choice to vote in Louisiana elections with no issues since the 1990s. There has never been evidence that their ballots have been disposed of without being counted as Miguez claimed. 

Rep. Beau Beaullieu, R-New Iberia, presented the bill to the House floor Wednesday on behalf of Miguez, claiming ranked choice disenfranchises voters. He was unable to offer specifics when House Democrats pressed him on the claim and asked why, if the claim is true, has it never disenfranchised Louisiana’s military voters.  

Miguez’s bill is part of Republican Secretary of State Nancy Landry’s legislative agenda. Landry has argued ranked-choice voting can sometimes be complex and confusing, which is believed to have been the case in some elections. 

An analysis of a 2004 ranked-choice election in San Francisco found that it might have led to lower engagement among African Americans, Latinos, less educated voters and those whose first language was not English, according to the Alaska Policy Forum. 

However, other states and municipalities report success with ranked choice. Polling after the 2021 election in Utah found 86% of voters liked the system, and 81% said it was easy or somewhat easy to use, according to the Salt Lake Tribune. 

Ranked-choice voting is used in more than 50 cities across 14 states. Colorado, Nevada and Oregon are on track to consider adopting it this year for statewide elections. It is even credited with helping Republicans break a decade-long losing streak in Virginia with the 2021 election of Gov. Glen Youngkin.

Like Miguez’s bill, legislation in four other southern states seeking to ban ranked-choice voting includes exceptions for overseas military voters.

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