WASHINGTON—In his State of the Union address, President Biden emphasized economic gains and his past legislative accomplishments and called for bipartisan collaboration with the new GOP House majority—members of which at times booed and heckled his remarks. Mr. Biden sought to pump up positive economic signs, including the low unemployment rate and easing inflation. Mr. Biden repeated the phrase “finish the job” as a refrain throughout the speech, stressing that his priority is to continue to build on the work of his first two years and asking Republicans to work with him.