The COVID-19 national and public health emergencies that have been in effect for the past three years will come to an end on May 11. The bad news is that the vast majority of Americans—those covered by private insurance plans, and the 100 million-plus who are on Medicare and Medicaid—may have to start paying for any COVID-19 testing and treatment they’ll need in the future. Because since the pandemic began, the federal government has covered COVID-19 tests and vaccines.