Judge Unseals Watergate Report That Led To Articles Of Impeachment Against Nixon

A federal judge on Thursday granted a request to unseal part of a Watergate report known as the Road Map which gives details about President Richard Nixon’s involvement in covering up the Watergate break-in and was used to inform articles of impeachment against him.

The Road Map, which was sent to the House Judiciary Committee in 1974, could be used as precedent for how Special Counsel Robert Mueller will end his investigation into whether Trump’s presidential campaign colluded with Russia.

Politico first reported the Road Map’s release on Thursday.

Chief U.S. District Court Judge Beryl Howell released part of the Road Map at the request of George Shepard, who served in Nixon’s defense team during Watergate.

In the order obtained by Politico, Howell said the National Archives told her the report consists of a “two-page summary statement, followed by 53 individually numbered statements” and 97 documents supporting those statements.

The National Archive also said 81 of the documents had already been made public, whether in a House Judiciary Committee report or “elsewhere in the public domain.”

In addition to the Road Map’s partial release, Howell ordered the Justice Department to contact the individuals named in the remaining 16 documents to see whether they object to the report’s release.

In September, three legal scholars had also filed a petition to the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia asking for the Road Map to be unsealed.

The September request was filed by Brookings Institution senior fellow Benjamin Wittes; Jack Goldsmith, former senior official for the Justice Department under President George W. Bush who is now a law professor at Harvard; and Stephen Bates, a law professor at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas and the former federal prosecutor working for Kenn Starr, whose investigation resulted in the impeachment of President Bill Clinton.

“We did so because the document is of significant historical interest and significant contemporary interest,” Wittes, Goldsmith and Bates explained in the legal blog Lawfare, where Wittes is editor-in-chief.

“The Road Map is one of the few significant pieces of Watergate history that remains unavailable to the public,” they continued. “The document is also keenly relevant to current discussions of how Mueller should proceed.”

CORRECTION: A previous version of this story indicated Nixon was impeached. While the House Judiciary Committee drew up articles of impeachment, Nixon resigned before he was formally impeached by the full House.

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In this file photo provided by Warner Bros., actors Robert Redford, right, and Dustin Hoffman appear in their roles as reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, respectively, in the 1976 film "All the President's Men." Personal details about the film and Watergate enliven a Discovery network documentary, "All the President's Men Revisited" which airs Sunday at 8 p.m. ET. (AP Photo/Warner Bros., file)

Nixon's Goodbye

WASHINGTON - AUGUST 9:  (NO U.S. TABLOID SALES)  U.S. President Richard Nixon waves goodbye as he leaves the White House for the last time August 9, 1974 in Washington, DC.  (Photo by David Hume Kennerly/Getty Images)
WASHINGTON - AUGUST 9: (NO U.S. TABLOID SALES) U.S. President Richard Nixon waves goodbye as he leaves the White House for the last time August 9, 1974 in Washington, DC. (Photo by David Hume Kennerly/Getty Images)

Nixon Resigns

8th August 1974:  American president Richard Nixon (1913 - 1994) announces his resignation on national television, following the Watergate scandal.  (Photo by Pierre Manevy/Express/Getty Images)
8th August 1974: American president Richard Nixon (1913 - 1994) announces his resignation on national television, following the Watergate scandal. (Photo by Pierre Manevy/Express/Getty Images)

CARICATURE: Richard M. Nixon

USA - 1995:  Ron Coddington caricature of former U.S. President Richard M. Nixon. (MCT via Getty Images)
USA - 1995: Ron Coddington caricature of former U.S. President Richard M. Nixon. (MCT via Getty Images)

Mark Felt

SALT LAKE CITY - JANUARY 20: (FILE PHOTO) (News Mags Out Until June 14, 2005) Mark Felt posing for a picture with his pistol drawn for a newspaper story in this photo taken January 20, 1958 in Salt Lake City, Utah. An article written in Vanity Fair magazine in June 2005 claims that Felt was 'Deep Throat', the long-anonymous source who leaked secrets about President Nixon's Watergate cover-up to The Washington Post in the early 1970's.  (Photo by Howard Moore/Deseret Morning News/Getty Images)

Mark Felt

SALT LAKE CITY - JANUARY 20: (FILE PHOTO)(News Mags Out Until June 14, 2005)  Mark Felt posing for a picture with his pistol drawn for a newspaper story in this photo taken January 20, 1958 in Salt Lake City, Utah. An article written in Vanity Fair magazine in June 2005 claims that Felt was 'Deep Throat', the long-anonymous source who leaked secrets about President Nixon's Watergate cover-up to The Washington Post in the early 1970's.  (Photo by Howard Moore/Deseret Morning News/Getty Images)

30th Anniversary of Watergate

377869 37:  (UNDATED FILE PHOTO)  Portrait of 37th United States President Richard M. Nixon. June 17, 2002 is the 30th anniversary of the arrest of five burglars inside the Watergate complex in Washington, DC that eventually lead to Nixon being forced from office. Nixon died in 1994.  (Photo by National Archives/Getty Images)
377869 37: (UNDATED FILE PHOTO) Portrait of 37th United States President Richard M. Nixon. June 17, 2002 is the 30th anniversary of the arrest of five burglars inside the Watergate complex in Washington, DC that eventually lead to Nixon being forced from office. Nixon died in 1994. (Photo by National Archives/Getty Images)

A historical marker on August 19, 2011 n

A historical marker on August 19, 2011 notes the parking garage in the Rosslyn neighborhood of Arlington, Virginia, where Washington Post reporter Bob Woodward met in secret with his source 'Deep Throat' (Senior FBI official Mark Felt) as Woodward investigated former US President Richard Nixon and the Watergate scandal in 1972 and 1973. The scandal ultimately lead to Nixon's resignation in 1974.    AFP PHOTO / Saul LOEB (Photo credit should read SAUL LOEB/AFP/Getty Images)

A reporter (R) confers with a man in the

ROSSLYN, UNITED STATES:  A reporter (R) confers with a man in the shadows next to column 32 on D floor of the garage at 1401 Wilson Blvd 01 July 2005 in Rosslyn, VA, where Washington Post reporter Bob Woodward had his clandestine meetings with former FBI official Mark Felt, otherwise know as 'Deep Throat', the secret source in the Watergate scandal that brought down the presidency of Richard M. Nixon in 1974. Following the sudden revelation of Deep Throat's identity in April 2005, Woodward, now an assistant managing editor at the Post, has authored a new book, 'The Secret Man', slated for release 06 July 2005.    AFP PHOTO/Jim WATSON  (Photo credit should read JIM WATSON/AFP/Getty Images)

A reporter smokes a cigarette beside Col

ROSSLYN, UNITED STATES:  A reporter smokes a cigarette beside Column 32 on the D floor of the garage at 1401 Wilson Blvd 01 July 2005 in Rosslyn, VA, where Washington Post reporter Bob Woodward had his clandestine meetings with former FBI official Mark Felt, otherwise know as 'Deep Throat', the secret source in the Watergate scandal that brought down the presidency of Richard M. Nixon in 1974. Following the sudden revelation of Deep Throat's identity in April 2005, Woodward, now an assistant managing editor at the Post, has authored a new book, 'The Secret Man', slated for release 06 July 2005.    AFP PHOTO/Jim WATSON  (Photo credit should read JIM WATSON/AFP/Getty Images)

US-WATERGATE

(FILES): This 17 June 2002 file photo shows the Watergate complex in Washington, DC, where in June 1972  burglars used eavesdropping devices to listen in on the Democratic National Committee, sparking the scandal which led to the resignation of US president Richard M. Nixon. Washington Post assistant managing editor Bob Woodward's new book, 'The Secret Man,' has been rushed into publication following the sudden revelation of Deep Throat's identity in April 2005. Woodward was a reporter when his friend, FBI agent Mark Felt, aka Deep Throat, confided government secrets to him in the Watergate scandal that brought down Nixon in 1974. The book is to be released 06 July 2005.    AFP PHOTO/Paul J. Richards        (Photo credit should read PAUL J. RICHARDS/AFP/GettyImages)

US-G. GORDON LIDDY AT WATERGATE

G. Gordon Liddy, former assistant to former U.S. President Richard Nixon, stands in front of the Watergate office complex 17 June 1992. Liddy, who has a daily radio talk show, broadcasted live from the site to mark the 20th anniversary of the Watergate break-in. Liddy was a key collaborator in the break-in and served a five-year prison sentence for his role in the crime.         (Photo credit should read BENJAMIN RUSNAK/AFP/GettyImages)

Photo taken in the 1970's of Los Angeles attorney

WASHINGTON, :  Photo taken in the 1970's of Los Angeles attorney Donald H.Segretti, who played a role during the Watergate for former US President Richard Nixon. Segretti was paid to subvert and disrupt Democratic candidates' campaigns during the election year. AFP PHOTO (Photo credit should read AFP/AFP/Getty Images)
WASHINGTON, : Photo taken in the 1970's of Los Angeles attorney Donald H.Segretti, who played a role during the Watergate for former US President Richard Nixon. Segretti was paid to subvert and disrupt Democratic candidates' campaigns during the election year. AFP PHOTO (Photo credit should read AFP/AFP/Getty Images)

FILE PHOTO Nixon's Former Press Secretary Ron Ziegler Dead At 63

UNDATED FILE PHOTO:  Ron Ziegler, Press Secretary to U.S. President Richard Nixon, speaks during a news conference in 1968. Ziegler, who was famous for referring to the Watergate break-in as a 'third-rate burglary,' died of a heart attack at his home February 10, 2003 in Coronado, California. He was 63-years-old.  (Photo by Getty Images)
UNDATED FILE PHOTO: Ron Ziegler, Press Secretary to U.S. President Richard Nixon, speaks during a news conference in 1968. Ziegler, who was famous for referring to the Watergate break-in as a 'third-rate burglary,' died of a heart attack at his home February 10, 2003 in Coronado, California. He was 63-years-old. (Photo by Getty Images)

Nixon Watergate

WASHINGTON - NOVEMBER:  (NO U.S. TABLOID SALES)  Former Senior Advisor to President Richard Nixon, John Ehrilchman waits for a cab in front of the Federal courthouse after testifying in the Watergate scandal on November 1973 in Washington DC. Ehrilchman was indited for Watergate Crimes.  (Photo by David Hume Kennerly/Getty images)
WASHINGTON - NOVEMBER: (NO U.S. TABLOID SALES) Former Senior Advisor to President Richard Nixon, John Ehrilchman waits for a cab in front of the Federal courthouse after testifying in the Watergate scandal on November 1973 in Washington DC. Ehrilchman was indited for Watergate Crimes. (Photo by David Hume Kennerly/Getty images)

Nixon Watergate

WASHINGTON - OCTOBER 25:  (NO U.S. TABLOID SALES)  US President Richard Nixon hurries up the steps of the Executive Office Building after briefing Congressional leaders in the Middle East Crisis on October, 25 1973 in Washington, DC.  (Photo by David Hume Kennerly/Getty Images)
WASHINGTON - OCTOBER 25: (NO U.S. TABLOID SALES) US President Richard Nixon hurries up the steps of the Executive Office Building after briefing Congressional leaders in the Middle East Crisis on October, 25 1973 in Washington, DC. (Photo by David Hume Kennerly/Getty Images)

Impeach Nixon

A demonstration outside the Whitehouse in support of the impeachment of President Nixon (1913 - 1994) following the watergate revelations.   (Photo by MPI/Getty Images)
A demonstration outside the Whitehouse in support of the impeachment of President Nixon (1913 - 1994) following the watergate revelations. (Photo by MPI/Getty Images)

Nixon Watergate

WASHINGTON - OCTOBER 14:  (NO U.S. TABLOID SALES)  (L) Republican Senator Howard Baker, (R) Democratic Senator Sam Irvin, and (C) unidentified staffer while serving on the Watergate commitee on October 14th 1973 in Washington, DC.  (Photo by David Hume Kennerly/Getty Images).
WASHINGTON - OCTOBER 14: (NO U.S. TABLOID SALES) (L) Republican Senator Howard Baker, (R) Democratic Senator Sam Irvin, and (C) unidentified staffer while serving on the Watergate commitee on October 14th 1973 in Washington, DC. (Photo by David Hume Kennerly/Getty Images).

Nixon's Last Days

WASHINGTON - JANUARY 1974:  (NO U.S. TABLOID SALES)  U.S. President Richard Nixon waits in the hallway outside the East Room of the White House to give a press conference in January 1974 Washington, DC.  (Photo by David Hume Kennerly/Getty Images)
WASHINGTON - JANUARY 1974: (NO U.S. TABLOID SALES) U.S. President Richard Nixon waits in the hallway outside the East Room of the White House to give a press conference in January 1974 Washington, DC. (Photo by David Hume Kennerly/Getty Images)

Nixon Watergate

WASHINGTON - FEBRUARY 2:  (NO U.S. TABLOID SALES)  US President Richard Nixon sits in the Oval Office of the White House During Watergate scandal on February 2, 1974 in Washington DC.  (Photo by David Hume Kennerly/Getty Images)
WASHINGTON - FEBRUARY 2: (NO U.S. TABLOID SALES) US President Richard Nixon sits in the Oval Office of the White House During Watergate scandal on February 2, 1974 in Washington DC. (Photo by David Hume Kennerly/Getty Images)

Demonstration Against Nixon At Washington In Usa On January 30Th 1974

UNITED STATES - JANUARY 30:  Demonstration Against Nixon At Washington In Usa On January 30Th 1974  (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)
UNITED STATES - JANUARY 30: Demonstration Against Nixon At Washington In Usa On January 30Th 1974 (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)

Nixon Makes Headlines

30th April 1973:  White House reporters watch President Richard Nixon on TV as he told the nation of White House involvement in the Watergate scandal, Washington D.C.  (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)
30th April 1973: White House reporters watch President Richard Nixon on TV as he told the nation of White House involvement in the Watergate scandal, Washington D.C. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

Dean Testifies

25th June 1973:  John Dean III, former counsel to President Nixon, testifying before the Senate Committee investigating the Watergate scandal at Washington DC.  (Photo by Bernard Schopper/Consolidated News Pictures/Getty Images)
25th June 1973: John Dean III, former counsel to President Nixon, testifying before the Senate Committee investigating the Watergate scandal at Washington DC. (Photo by Bernard Schopper/Consolidated News Pictures/Getty Images)

John Mitchell

20th April 1973:  American politician and former attorney-general John Mitchell, one of Richard Nixon's top aides, who faces charges in the Watergate scandal.  (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images)
20th April 1973: American politician and former attorney-general John Mitchell, one of Richard Nixon's top aides, who faces charges in the Watergate scandal. (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images)

Watergate Panel

29th July 1974:  The Judiciary Committee Impeachment Panel gathered to hear evidence in the Watergate affair, eventually leading to the impeachment of President Nixon. From left to right, Donohue, Rodino and Hutchinson.  (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images)
29th July 1974: The Judiciary Committee Impeachment Panel gathered to hear evidence in the Watergate affair, eventually leading to the impeachment of President Nixon. From left to right, Donohue, Rodino and Hutchinson. (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images)

Rolando Martinez

FILE PHOTO: Rolando Martinez, one of the Watergate burglars in Miami on June 6, 1982 at a car dealership where he sold used cars. (Photo by Tim Chapman)
FILE PHOTO: Rolando Martinez, one of the Watergate burglars in Miami on June 6, 1982 at a car dealership where he sold used cars. (Photo by Tim Chapman)

Frank Sturgis

FILE PHOTO: Frank Sturgis, one of the Watergate Burglars in Miami on June 12, 1982. (Photo by Tim Chapman)
FILE PHOTO: Frank Sturgis, one of the Watergate Burglars in Miami on June 12, 1982. (Photo by Tim Chapman)

Richard Nixon Before Announcing His Resignation In Washington In 1974

UNITED STATES - MARCH 09:  President Richard Nixon Walking Through The Rose Garden At The White House In Washington On August 8, 1974, Before The Televised Announcement Of His Resignation, After Having Been Charged Because Of The Watergate Scandal.  (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)
UNITED STATES - MARCH 09: President Richard Nixon Walking Through The Rose Garden At The White House In Washington On August 8, 1974, Before The Televised Announcement Of His Resignation, After Having Been Charged Because Of The Watergate Scandal. (Photo by Keystone-France/Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images)

Spiro Agnew (R), who was vice president under Pres

YORBA LINDA, UNITED STATES:  Spiro Agnew (R), who was vice president under President Richard M. Nixon, and G. Gordon Liddy (L), one of the Watergate conspirators, attend the 27 April 1994 funeral of former US President Nixon in Yorba Linda, California. Agnew resigned the vice presidency during his second term and was replaced by Gerald Ford, who became president upon Nixon's 1974 resignation. (Photo credit should read LUKE FRAZZA/AFP/Getty Images)

Bob Woodward, Carl Bernstein, Ben Bradlee

Former Washington Post reporters Carl Bernstein, left, and Bob Woodward, right, applaud as former executive editor Ben Bradlee sits on stage during an event sponsored by The Washington Post to commemorate the 40th anniversary of Watergate Monday, June 11, 2012 at the Watergate office building in Washington. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
Former Washington Post reporters Carl Bernstein, left, and Bob Woodward, right, applaud as former executive editor Ben Bradlee sits on stage during an event sponsored by The Washington Post to commemorate the 40th anniversary of Watergate Monday, June 11, 2012 at the Watergate office building in Washington. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)

Woodward And Bernstein's Watergate Papers Go On Display

AUSTIN, TX - FEBRUARY 4:  Reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein's Watergate papers are seen on display at the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center at the University of Texas Februrary 4, 2005 in Austin, Texas. More than 75 document boxes of materials created by the reporters while covering Watergate for the Washington Post and research for the books 'All the President's Men' and 'The Final Days' are included in the collection, only a portion of which is on view to the public. Materials include: interviews, memos of phone conversations, story drafts, notes, research documents, correspondence and margin notes.  (Photo by Jana Birchum/Getty Images)

Bob Woodward, Scott Armstrong and Carl Bernstein at the Washington Post

WASHINGTON, DC - DECEMBER 1: Bob Woodward, Scott Armstrong and Carl Bernstein at the Washington Post working on while working on the book 'The Final Days.' (Photo by Margaret Thomas/The Washington Post via Getty Images)
WASHINGTON, DC - DECEMBER 1: Bob Woodward, Scott Armstrong and Carl Bernstein at the Washington Post working on while working on the book 'The Final Days.' (Photo by Margaret Thomas/The Washington Post via Getty Images)

40th Anniversary Of Watergate

WASHINGTON, DC - JUNE 11:  Watergate reporters Carl Bernstein, center, and Bob Woodward, right, listen in on a discussion during a 40th anniversary Watergate event at The Watergate office complex on June 11, 2012 in Washington, D.C. To mark the 40th anniversary of Watergate, The Washington Post via Getty Images hosted a live event and discussion including major players from the event and also reporters Woodward and Bernstein who broke the story. (Photo by Ricky Carioti/The Washington Post via Getty Images)

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