Corrections & Clarifications: An earlier version of this story misstated salary figures of bartenders and pharmacists. It has since been corrected. 

Lawyers still earn about five times as much as bartenders and fast-food workers.

But over the past decade or so, those low-wage occupations in hospitality have ever so slightly closed the gap, a new analysis shows.

Airline pilots, dancers and software developers reaped the biggest average pay increases, in percentage terms, from 2010 through May 2021, according to an analysis of Labor Department data by Clarify Capital, a small business lender, provided exclusively to USA TODAY.

Dentists, actors and architects notched the smallest gains.

Overall, the average yearly salary in the U.S. increased 31.2% over the decade, the study shows, but after adjusting for inflation, average pay fell by 4.5%. Only about one-fifth of occupations have kept pace with consumer price increases during the 10-year period.

“The job market hasn’t kept up with inflation,” says Nishank Khanna, chief marketing officer of Clarify Capital.

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Even in the past year or two, as the nation emerged from the pandemic, average wages grew by more than 5% annually but until recently they lagged inflation, which peaked at 9.1% last June.

The five occupations with the sharpest pay increases over the decade:

Airline pilot

Average pay increase: 71.9%

Average inflation-adjusted increase: 25.1%

Average salary: $198,190

There was a shortage of pilots after many retired or took buyouts early in the pandemic, Khanna says.

Dancer

Average pay increase: 48%

Average inflation-adjusted increase: 7.7%

Average salary: $50,939

Software developer

Average pay increase: 46.4%

Average salary: $120,990

Average inflation-adjusted increase: 6.5%

Demand for software developers has exploded along with sales of digital products and services, especially since COVID.

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Farmer

Average pay increase: 44.3%

Average inflation-adjusted increase: 5%

Average salary: $31,795

Farms have grappled with worker shortages because of tougher immigration laws and declining interest in the field.

Bartender

Average pay increase: 42.4%

Average inflation-adjusted increase: 3.6%

Average salary: $30,340

Restaurants and bars have struggled to hire bartenders, servers and other workers because many left the industry during the health crisis. Fast-food workers and servers are close behind bartenders, with average pay gains of 40% and 39.5%, respectively. Khanna also partly credits the Fight for $15 campaign, a group of fast-food workers and union officials that staged walkouts for higher pay.

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Occupations with the most modest pay increases:

Dentist

Average pay increase: 5.3%

Average inflation-adjusted change: -23.4%

Average salary: $167,160

This is surprising since typical dental school costs have increased from $131,736 to $210,625 over the decade, Khanna says.

Actor

Average pay increase: 10.1%

Average inflation-adjusted change: -19.9%

Average salary: $65,125

Architect

Average pay increase: 13.8%

Average inflation-adjusted change: -17.1%

Average salary: $89,400

The field was rocked by the mid-2000s housing crisis and Great Recession of 2007-09, as well as the early days of the pandemic.

Lawyer

Average pay increase: 14.4%

Average inflation-adjusted change: -16.8%

Average salary: $148,030

An oversupply of law school graduates in many areas left many struggling to find jobs while established lawyers faced pressure to hold down their fees, Khanna says. Technology advances also have made some legal services more efficient and less costly, he says.

Pharmacist

Average pay increase: 14.9%

Average inflation-adjusted change: -16.4%

Average salary: $125,690

A possible explanation is the spread of technology to fill prescriptions, reducing the need for pharmacists to spend time on routine tasks, such as counting pills and labeling bottles, Khanna says. That has met fewer job opportunities and less upward pressure on salaries, he says.

This article originally appeared on USA TODAY: Occupations that saw lowest, highest salary increases past decade