Hot Tub Display at a State Fair Is the Likely Cause of Legionnaires' Outbreak in North Carolina

A display of hot tubs at a North Carolina state fair is the likely source of a major outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease, health officials said Thursday.

One person has died from the outbreak, and the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services (NCDHHS) has confirmed another 115 cases of Legionnaires’ disease that began at the NC Mountain State Fair, which was held Sept. 6-15 in the western part of the state. There are also eight confirmed cases of Pontiac fever, a milder form of the disease, and 80 of the infected people have required hospitalization.

The NCDHHS announced that preliminary findings from their investigation point to a display of hot tubs as the disease source.

“Preliminary findings indicate that people who were diagnosed with Legionnaires’ disease were much more likely to have visited the Davis Event Center while at the fair and much more likely to report having walked by the hot tub displays compared to people who did not get sick,” they said in a statement.

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A water sample from the Davis Event Center tested positive for Legionnaires’ disease. The illness is a potentially deadly type of pneumonia that spreads when people breathe in the bacteria from mist and water drippings from air conditioning units.

“Taken together, these early findings suggest that low levels of Legionella present were able to grow in hot tubs or possibly some other source in the Davis Event Center leading to exposure through breathing in aerosolized water that contained the bacteria; however, this is an ongoing investigation,” the statement continued.

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Dr. Zach Moore, the state epidemiologist at NCDHHS, said that even more people may have developed Legionnaires’. The current number of confirmed cases is as of Oct. 2.

“Finding Legionella in one water sample is an important piece of the puzzle, but it does not tell us how so many people were exposed at this event,” said Dr. Zack Moore, State Epidemiologist.

As the NCDHHS continues to investigate, the Davis Event Center will be closed and checked for safety.

Moore said that people should be cautious around artificially-made water sources.

“Although Legionnaires’ disease is a rare infection, this is a reminder that the bacteria that cause it are common in nature and can be found in man-made water systems,” said Dr. Moore. “This means it’s very important for owners and managers of water systems that can create aerosols to take steps to prevent Legionella from growing and spreading in water systems.”